In the previous issue, we discussed what prostate cancer is, along with its symptoms, risk factors, and diagnosis. In this issue, we will focus on treatment and prevention options, as well as the importance of early detection.

Treatment Options

Treatment for prostate cancer depends on several factors, including the stage of cancer, the patient’s overall health, and personal preferences.

Common treatments include:

• Active Surveillance: Monitoring the cancer closely with regular check-ups and tests, is often recommended for slow-growing cancers.

• Surgery: Prostatectomy involves removing the prostate gland and some surrounding tissue. This can be done through traditional open surgery or minimally invasive laparoscopic techniques.

• Radiation Therapy: Uses high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells or shrink tumors.

• Hormone Therapy: Reduces or blocks the production of testosterone, which can fuel the growth of prostate cancer cells.

• Chemotherapy: Uses drugs to kill cancer cells or stop them from growing, typically used for advanced cancer.

• Immunotherapy: Stimulates the body’s immune system to target and destroy cancer cells.

Prevention and Early Detection:

While there is no surefire way to prevent prostate cancer, certain lifestyle changes can help reduce the risk:

• Healthy Diet: Eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains while reducing red meat and high-fat dairy products.

• Regular Exercise: Maintaining a healthy weight through regular physical activity.

• Regular Screening: Men at higher risk should discuss screening options with their healthcare provider, starting at age 40-50.

Prostate cancer remains a major health issue, but advancements in research and treatment offer hope for better outcomes. Awareness and education are vital in promoting early detection, and effective management. Men should be proactive about their prostate health, engage in discussions with their healthcare providers, and make informed decisions about screening and lifestyle changes. Early intervention and personalised treatment strategies can significantly improve diagnosis and quality of life for those affected by prostate cancer.